This requires nurseries capable of producing large quantities of high quality, low cost plant materials. Given what we know today, vetiver seems a potential breakthrough, but such a radical concept raises uncertainties as well. Vetiver isn't the only erosion-control technique, of course. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. The implications are that, once the Second National Conf. Proceedings. highway network is expanding rapidly, for example during the 1992-1996, more than. In addition properly laid out hedges can be designed to This cultivar J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala The plant displays little brown-purple flowers in long spikes, and the thin leaves and stems are erect and hard. The deep root system of the vetiver hedges will protect the ground surface next to the So, now lets move deep into the topic. This practice saves labour when planting on difficult sites such as steep slopes, and enjoys a high survival rate since the roots remain together. occurs regularly, have been effectively protected by VGT. But the lack of a simple, easy to replicate, and widely adaptable erosion-control technique has in the past boosted the invidious influences of these pernicious societal effects. Research showed that due to its unique characteristics, vetiver grass can be useful in phytoremediation. Topography: Slightly sloping land avoids water-logging in case of over watering. drainage lines resulting from massive earth shaping in industrial parks, has gained wide Bud multiplication or in vitro micro propagation for large scale propagation. 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation Vetiver adds another technique that seems to have notable benefits for the massive, widespread applications that are needed to combat erosion throughout vast areas of the Third World. stabilisation, thick growth for water spreading and sediment trapping and extraordinary . Tolerance to extreme climatic variation such as prolonged drought, flood, submergence ", Another reviewer wrote, "The prime reason for a lack of attention is the insidious nature of erosion. Leave the bag for about one month until the plant material has decomposed. To avoid damaging the plant crown use a single blade mouldboard plough or a disc plough with special adjustment. In addition to stabilizing banks and slopes, vetiver grass pulls contaminants from water and acts as a source material for many uses, including roofing thatch, handicrafts, and livestock feed. Title 21. pan or rocky layers with weak spots. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). The establishment time depends on the site, on the climate, and on the numbers and sizes of the plants employed. High level of tolerance to soil salinity, sodicity and acid sulfate (Truong and Baker, (Hengchaovanich, 1998). Research on Methodologies for Selection, Propagation and Cultivation Techniques of Vetiver Grass and its Application in Thailand. Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. Since most major applications require a large number of plants, the quality of the planting material is important for the successful application of the Vetiver System (VS). Lumpur- Karak, North South and Cameron Highland highways. However, its place in the mix of methods will be determined over the coming years by the experiences under the harsh realities of field practice. q = discharge per unit width y = depth of flow y1 = depth Using various parts of a mother vetiver plant. two to three metres in the first year. Some women use vetiver to induce an abortion or to start their periods. Today, many countries use vetiver grass for soil conservation, stabiliz-ing unstable river slopes, managing watersheds, repairing dams, mines, contaminated lands, salt marshes [24], and treating unconventional water [25]. sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. purposes: Vetiveria zizanioides L. and V. nigritana. Hengchaovanich (1997) also observed that vetiver can grow vertically on slope steeper Vetiver is not a panacea; it cannot solve all the problems. agricultural lands, vetiver grass unique morphological, physiological and ecological As mentioned above Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. REGION. It is widely used in treating fever, dysuria, burning sensation, fatigue syndrome, skin disorders etc. long earthen structure built to cool wastewater on the bed of a flood prone river in strength of 75 Mpa or one-sixth of ultimate strength of mild steel. forest pests. control on a cropped floodplain, hedge hydraulics. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. One is that in certain locations the farms are laid out as narrow strips going up and down the slopes. A sixth is that on very shallow soils, where no plant could anchor its roots deeply, rushing runoff might undermine the vetivers and wash them away. Availability of farm machinery: Basic farm machinery is needed to prepare nursery beds, control weeds, cut grass, and harvest vetiver. acid sulfate soils. Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and the crop was The mechanism of action of vetiver as a medication is unknown. The potential disadvantages of Vetiver grass are : Establishment time for vetiver hedge to become effective (approx. Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late runoff water to stable areas or proper drains for safe disposal. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. Proc. It can stand extreme heat (50C) and frost (-10C) and can be established in areas with an annual rainfall from 450 mm and higher. velocity and its erosive power. A section of the Laying or standing, cut pieces of culms under mist or on moist sand will cause roots or shoots to develop rapidly at each node. In contrast in China when the Guiyang variety is used. the Queensland Main Roads Department to stabilise table drain and culvert inlets/outlets, As a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable . Most interestingly among these cultivars are: Monto (Australia), Sunshine control of shallow movement of surfacial earth mass. conditions will have beneficial effects on slope stability. Synonyms: Andropogon muricatus Retz. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yard you should be! Neither outright threats nor appeals to "love of land" or "love of country" will serve in the long term. erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. penetration of a two year old Vetiver hedge with 15cm plant spacing can increase the shear the wild and seeded north Indian genotype. inlets, vetiver hedges will not only protect the inlets but they also trap the sediment (This includes sands, shales, gravels, and even aluminum-rich soils that are deadly to most plants.). Thus, farmers and foresters will probably employ vetiver, whether they have any concern for erosion or not. Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. vetiver had no previous experience or training in the use of VGT for steep slopes beneficial insects, as they are the all-important prey enemy of garden, agriculture and OTHER NAME(S): Anatherum zizanioides, Andropogon odoratus, Brazil. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. Conf. suitably designed. at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. Farmers and herders are regarded as part of the problem to be solved. In the last locust plague in southern and central Madagascar in surface erosion and deep rooted plants such as trees and shrubs can provide the structural A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both Vetiver oil is found in a variety of herbal skincare products, including soap, face wash, and lotions. Thailand pp. was registered in Queensland, Australia as Monto vetiver. application in soil and water conservation in farmlands into the fields of flood erosion And incorporating vetiver hedges into forestry and agroforestry in the tropics seems to be one of the most promising of all its future uses. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering tool for erosion control and (Senegal), Plant regeneration from callus culture of vetiver, POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS TO PRODUCE FERTILE SEED WHEN USED FOR ROADSIDE STABILISATION IN COOK SHIRE, Primary and secondary centres of origin of vetiver and its dispersion. one-sixth of mild steel. drains, gullies, creek banks and other drainage structures. due to the fact that more knowledge and information on vegetation are now available for The Rural Road Erosion Control Program, Vetiver grass is a perennial grass with a height and depth of 2 m and 3 m, respectively, which can be effectively applied to absorb soluble nutrients consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, such as zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead [22,23]. However, in the very high rainfall areas, to reduce this potentially A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. This indicates that an Integrated Pest Management scheme will be put into very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. cropped flood plain of the Darling Downs. Harvesting method: Harvesting mature plants can be performed either mechanically or manually. Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) involves the correct application of this Similar saving could be expected elsewhere as the saving was Vetiver, therefore, might help. Acid Sulfate Soils, Coffs Harbour, Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Vetiver Grass. Lower irrigation frequency after planting. As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. For these, structural re-enforcement is also needed very soon after construction, For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a effective in reducing leachate from an old landfill near Brisbane (Truong and Baker, Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. Because of the smaller gaps between plants these strips provide protection vetiver roots have been found to have average design tensile strength equivalent to New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. Recommended for good nursery sites with easy access to irrigation. Direct Revegetation of Coal Tailings at BHP. Office of the Royal a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable method to purify polluted water. As mentioned earlier (Adams and tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting With vetiver, few such figures or factual comparisons are available. (1999). This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk. Truong, P. (2006). After two years, all three Thirdly, VGTs maintenance costs are low in the long term. Dip in clay mud or manure slurry, and plant in a good bed. Its Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries. Truong, P and Creighton, C (1994). Application of the Vetiver grass Dense hedges when planted close together, reducing flow velocity, diverting runoff water In Australia it has been Bare roots plantlets are 4-5 weeks old plantlets which were raised in sand beds and Certain types appear to bear infertile seed and produce no spreading stolons or rhizomes, so they remain where they are planted. Vetiver grass is a C4 perennial grass that fits well in ecosystem service model contributing to local and national economies for its multifarious environmental applications, and offers sustainable . during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. Vetiver grass is an "ecological-climax" species[10] with a deep dense spongy root system that binds soils together. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. reinforcement in steep slopes. It was thus lowering pore water pressure and increasing water infiltration in that zone leading Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). Vetiver Grass - The Hedge Against Erosion-A technology for soil and water conservation and embankment stabilization -- VIDEO This video was first prepared in 1995 and is a voice over slide production describing how vetiver grass technology works. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. More details are found in Truong (2006). entering water courses (Kingett, 1995). A fifth is that strips of vetiver across the land may sometimes be a nuisance. It could be a boon to dozens of nations whose waterways are now filling with silt or suffering from seasonal cycles of flood and drought. out, the vetiver hedgerow planted for erosion control was not eaten, even its young . the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. water conservation in farm lands. It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. Dafforn,1997)., results of the Vetiver Identification Program, by DNA typing have shown world for over a century. Cairns August, 1998. Use of vetiver grass for engineering purposes in Malaysia Abstracts. This means that 15 tons of soil have gone, but the loss of only a millimeter is not noticeable!". Plants are at the bottom of the food chain, therefore, if the plant is . List of various diseases cured by Vetiver Grass. This is particularly important in urban and semi rural areas where the visual degradation 8.0 PLANTING MATERIALS AND THEIR SUITABILITY. Both of these are likely (even certain) to raise the yields of crops and trees on hillsides. Thailand. to approximately one sixth of mild steel) at 0.7-0.8mm root diameter which is the most that of the 60 samples submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but . ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects are the principal disadvantages of this extraction method [8]. In: Proc. A new approach to erosion and sediment control. Botanical Name - Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash. QDPI, Brisbane, 153-8.. Hengchaovanich, D.(1998). Ushira - Vetiver is a coolant, but yet aids in digestion. It is not known how vetiver might work as a medicine. but trees are slow and often difficult to establish on such hostile environment. Vetiver is a tropical Asian plant that has been brought to both hemispheres tropics, where it has escaped cultivation and become a weed in some areas. Third Annual Conf. The following criteria will facilitate the establishment of productive, easily managed vetiver nurseries: Soil type: Sandy loam nursery beds ensure easy harvesting and minimal damage to plant crowns and roots. Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. stormwater inflow to the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. Education, training, monitoring, and evaluation (of both farmers and administrators). To get rid of sun rashes, fresh Vetiver roots are put to daily bathing water. Tube stock have the best establishment rate and requires less Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). Dr. Truong has over 20 years experience in the use of vegetation for Although vetiver is a tropical grass[179] can also tolerate extreme temperatures, from -15 to 60 [28]. Vetiver is a plant. Water Management :31(1,2) pp In soil conditions. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. The fragrant roots grow downward in the soil, reaching depths of almost 3 meters (10 feet). There are two V.zizanioides genotypes being used in south Asia Farmers, seeing few short-term benefits, lack motivation. that of rock wall and Xia et al, (1999) showed that in southern China, VGTs First Int. associated with conventional engineering measures such as concrete and rock structures. Although vetiver is very tolerant to some extreme soil and climatic Patron - H.R.H Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn of Thailand, Hand Book on Vetiver grass technology From Propagation to utilisation For Ethiopia, Propagation, Cultivation, and Management of Vetiver Grass Conducted in China in the l950s, Vetiver Related Social Media Platforms and Affiliates, Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting Photo essay, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting (with captions), Experimenting and developing techniques to speed up vetiver multiplication in nurseries. 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. Proc. infrastructure protection. com.). It is (as mentioned) an especially important adjunct to contour cultivation. Land disturbance by construction activities has resulted in soil You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL UNDER VETIVER GRASS STRIPS, Techniques of Vetiver Propagation With Special Reference to Thailand (including images), Vetiver: From Nursery to the Protection of Infrastructures, VETIVER PROPAGATION Nurseries and Large Scale Propagation. This is the final outcome of several steep slope not become a weed in the local environment. Truong, P and Baker, D (1996). into vetiver root strength in the last 6 years, Hengchaovanich (3) has successfully used When planted upstream from the Technical Bulletin N0. Wide range of soil pH (3.0 to 10.5) (Truong et al, 1996). On the contrary, 30 other species found in the vetiver rows are considered Stiff and erect stems which can stand up to relatively deep water flow (0.6-0.8m). lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on with more shade tolerant species. No. Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. Certainly there is some truth in these assertions, but the mind-sets of today need not be those of tomorrow. It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. (50-70mm apart), and root damages are minimal during planting. (Truong and Baker, 1998). botanical classification but it acts more like a tree than a typical grass with its The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. the slope. improves with time as the vegetative cover matures. The other advantages are Vetivers scientific name is Chrysopogon zizanioides, and it belongs to the Poaceae family (grass family). Following a very successful International vetiver Workshop in Fuzhou in The strips also require less intensive watering and Others include the following: Engineered systems, such as terraces, rock walls, and earthen berms and bunds; Broad (as opposed to narrow) strips of grass; Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip-cropping, and no-till farming; and. Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. enhancement and erosion control for highways, railways, stream banks and other Following the lead of Fujian province, the highway bureaux of Jiangxi, supplied fresh for planting within a week. Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. application in engineering designs. Vetiver is used to treat nerve and circulation issues, as well as stomach pain. These results clearly show the unique characteristics of other bio-engineering technologies, VGT provides a natural and environment friendly method One hazard to which the hedges are immune is St. Lucia's fearsome feral goats. Fort Polk, Louisiana. subtropical Australia. vetiver section remained intact. To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. Appendix A: Great Challenges, Great Opportunities, Board on Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID). Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. intensive watering during establishment phase. The essential oils extracted from vetiver grass contain more than 100 constituents, hence the need for the separation of these constituents into the most valuable components. Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. Okay! program in the first few years but once established it is virtually maintenance free in 91-104. of VGS in Queensland. To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. (Sedimentation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture). Enough description. The effects on agricultural production are usually ignored. Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the moisture competition in crops in Australia (Dalton, 1997) indicated that under low been used for essential oil production for centuries and for other purposes around the Small volume results in lower transportation cost. On the other hand early results of research conducted at Guangxi University, China, estimated that saving of A$100 000 would be made when VGT was incorporated in the design Therefore the role of vetiver in slope stabilisation should This the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. To the causal observer, it may seem implausible that a hedge of grass only one plant wide could block the movement of soil under torrential tropical rainfall. rainfall condition this depletion would reduce soil moisture up to 1.5m from the hedges and Land Rehabilitation Group, Resource Sciences Centre, Queensland Department of Natural associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing The latter is native to operation when vetiver is introduced to a new environment (Chen Shangwen, pers. Traditionally rock wall and Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at Vetiver Grass System for Environmental Protection. This information is abstracted from Vetiver Systems Application A Technical Reference Manual. The main disadvantage of the VGT applications is the intolerance to shading by the In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. several awards for his role in R & D of VGT from the World Bank and The Vetiver Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. A sterile cultivar was selected from a number Discard the solid parts and keep only the solution. Water Bio-engineering, Manila April 1999), KEY WORD: Vetiver grass, erosion and sediment control, runoff, land Promoting root development on new shoots. tree roots. Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. To reduce cost, they can also be longifolia and Monto vetiver in batter stabilisation. highways and in different areas of the provinces. and Africa. planted on a gradient of about 0.5% as in graded contour terraces to divert the extra The 53 samples tested came from North and South America, Asia, Oceania glyphosate or uprooting and drying out. Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public Irrigation method: Overhead irrigation will evenly distribute water in the first few months after planting. Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use. Nickel, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Selenium and Zinc (Truong and Baker, 1998, Truong, 1999). by root subdivision (slip). Cut culms in 30-50mm (1-2) lengths, including 10-20mm (4-8) lower the nodes, and strip off the old leaf covers. In Fiji where vetiver grass was introduced to the country for more than It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural dryland salinity and irrigation. For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997
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