kindertransport list of names

Jewish organizations inside the Greater German Reich planned the transports to Great Britain. (Photo by Fred Morley). None of the testimonies in this collection were written directly by the individual providing testimony. 1997 from Ms. Suzy Goldstein of the USHMM Collections Department. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. This novel was shortlisted for the 2003 Carnegie Medal.[72]. [Hicksville, NY : Kindertransport Association]. Nevertheless, Wijsmuller-Meijer managed to send 500 of the children to Harwich, where they were accommodated in a nearby holiday camp at Dovercourt, while the remaining 100 found refuge in the Netherlands. [40][50], The work of the BCRC in Czechoslovakia was little noted until 1988 when the refugee children held a reunion. mit D" Washington" ab Hamburg am 28.XII.1938 [With steamship "Washington" from Hamburg on 28th December 1938] [The names listed below are hand written on the document] Several dozen joined elite formations such as the Special Forces, where their language skills were put to good use during the Normandy landings, and afterwards as the Allies progressed into Germany. Depending on the child's age, the explanation for why they were leaving the country and their parents differed widely: for example, children might be told "you are going on an exciting adventure", or "you are going on a short trip and we will see you soon". Most transports left by train from Berlin, Vienna, Prague, and other major cities in central Europe. On 1 September 2009, a special Winton train set off from the Prague Main railway station. Finding passenger list of ship with German immigrants to Brazil in 1824. Education (ED) Correspondence about refugee children continuing into higher education or technical training and its funding. The association shares their stories, honours those who made the Kindertransport possible, and supports charitable work that aids children in need. They were spurred by British public opinion and the persistent efforts of refugee aid committees. Every child had to have a guarantee of 50 sterling to finance his or her eventual re-emigration, as it was expected the children would stay in the country only temporarily. When a gnoll vampire assumes its hyena form, do its HP change? Harris, Mark Jonathan, and Deborah Oppenheimer. The Hostel (1990), a two-part BBC documentary, narrated by Andrew Sachs. If you are able to read both German and English, does your interpretation of the letters differ from one to the other? [31] From the port, a train took some of the children to Liverpool Street station in London, where they were met by their volunteer foster parents. There is also a companion book by the same name. The various groups which did most to organise the rescue missions were: As part of the rescue, each child had to have a guarantor in Britain to cover the 50 cost of the return trip (equivalent to 2,000 today). [10], Within a very short time, the Movement for the Care of Children from Germany, later known as the Refugee Children's Movement (RCM), sent representatives to Germany and Austria to establish the systems for choosing, organising, and transporting the children. Explore a timeline of events that occurred before, during, and after the Holocaust. In the UK, how decisions were made about where children should live / go to work / be trained? Items with shelf mark S3b are related to Jewish Refugees in Britain. Many organizations and individuals participated in the rescue operation. The Kindertransport programme is an essential and unique part of the tragic history of the Holocaust. Registered charity number 313015. and database expertise to make this database accessible. After the attacks, the Nazi regime began issuing a series of major policy changes and pursuing more aggressive measures against the Jews which they justified at the time as being lawful. On 1 December 1938, the first Kindertransport left Germany via Holland to England, carrying 206 children and 8 teachers. Older children, who were "more willing to accept the parents' explanation", would nevertheless realise that they would be separated from their parents for a long or indefinite period of time; younger children, in contrast, who had no developed sense of time, would not be able to comprehend that they may see their parents again, thus making the trauma of separation completely total from the very beginning. London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2004. Kindertransports (Rescue, 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW unique insight into the experience of the Kinder from their arrival, My Knees Were Jumping: Remembering the Kindertransports (1996; released theatrically in 1998), narrated by Joanne Woodward. Many children went through trauma during their extensive Kindertransport experience. It brought some 200 children from a Jewish orphanage in Berlin which had been destroyed in the Kristallnacht pogrom. continued contributions to Jewish genealogy. She was also involved in working to arrange the award of 2,500 euros from the German Government to each of the kinder. It is estimated that 10,000 children were evacuated from Europe through the Kindertransport, the British rescue action carried out nine months before the outbreak of war. The last group of children left Germany on 1 September 1939, the day Germany invaded Poland, and two days later Britain, France, and other countries declared war on Germany. The figures are also engraved with quotes of four of the refugees describing their first experience of the UK. Washington, DC 20024-2126 In case no information on a person is found in our collections, we recommend checking the following websites: If you have further questions please do not hesitate to contact us in the Wolfson Reading Room, by calling 020 7636 7247, or emailing the Collections Team. Was your relative one of the thousands of children (or Kinder in German) rescued from Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Austria in the run up to World War II? [10] Very importantly, he reported that enquiries in Germany had determined that, most remarkably, nearly every parent asked had said that they would be willing to send their child off unaccompanied to the United Kingdom, leaving their parents behind. This information will help us make improvements to the website. Agencies were flooded with requests from children seeking to find their parents, or any surviving member of their family. Reports of the rates of maintenance paid by the government for children boarded out with schools, families, lodgings or other institutions. Each child is portrayed with a different emotion representing the storm of emotions they must have felt at the end of their journey by train and then ship. This action to rescue refugee children from Nazi persecution later became known as Kindertransport. The British Jewish community and the Quakers advocated for rescuing vulnerable children and bringing them to Britain. Click the DONE button to enter selected term to the search box. [68] It was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival. Accounts of the Quaker contribution to Kindertransport on the Search and Unite website. The few infants included in the program were cared for by other children on their transport. Despite their classification as enemy aliens, some of the boys from the children's transport program later joined the British army and fought in the war against Germany. your ancestor arrived in Britain. These members of Habonim were held back from going to live on kibbutz by the war. Those Kinder not fortunate enough to have contacts within Britain stayed in hostels, lodgings or holiday camps. Initially the children came mainly from Germany and Austria (part of the Greater Reich after Anschluss). Organised rescue of Jewish children during the Holocaust. Children in the care of the Czechoslovak Refugee Trust Fund. 29 Russell Square Guske, Iris. Print. [9] This organisation was considering only the rescue of children, who would need to leave their parents behind in Germany. This collection was indexed by World Memory Project contributors from the digitized holdings of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, RG-59.075: Selected records relating to Kindertransport from the National Archives, UK. Kindertransport Association. 4. The United Kingdom took in nearly 10,000 children, most of them Jewish, from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and the Free City of Danzig. On December 2, 1938, the first Kindertransport arrived200 children from a . Reunion of Kindertransport. the children rescued from Nazi occupied Europe, but the records give a Are there any extant records of Imperial subjects who moved to Britain? About World Jewish Relief's (formerly the Central British Fund) role in Kindertransport, A collection of personal reminiscences and tributes from people who were rescued on the Kindertransport, collected by the Quakers in 2008. TTY: 202.488.0406, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, Nicholas Winton and the Rescue of Children from Czechoslovakia, 19381939. The information consists of names, dates and places of birth and, This event is known as Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass). They were held in internment camps on the Isle of Man, Canada, and Australia. It can be assumed based on similar correspondence at the time, that the originalletterswere written in the form of postcards, but it is unknown whether theystill exist and if so, where are they located. December 2, 1938. Into the Arms of Strangers: Stories of the Kindertransport. Unit F964 Option B had run out of funds. These guarantors were mostly people who had some kind of connection with the families of the refugees or who had responded to the many advertisements in the newspaper, the Jewish Chronicle from families seeking help. These rescue efforts brought thousands of refugee children, the vast majority of them Jewish, to Great Britain from Nazi Germany. 2021 The Wiener Holocaust Library. Mailing list for the Kindertransport Association (KTA) contains nearly 100 addresses and names of individuals who have been part of (ID: 30223) Kindertransport Association. Smaller numbers of children were taken in via the programme by the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Sweden, and Switzerland. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Refugee children applying for the Girl Guides warrants. Tauris, 2011. Whether your ancestor left the UK and moved to another country. Prior to the bill the childrens parents were considered the legal guardians but unfortunately for many, their parents outcome was unknown or they did not survive. [14], At the end of the war, there were great difficulties in Britain as children from the Kindertransport tried to reunite with their families. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. A number of children saved by the Kindertransports went on to become prominent figures in public life, with two (Walter Kohn, Arno Penzias) becoming Nobel Prize winners. Print. On board the train were several surviving Winton children and their descendants, who were to be welcomed by the now hundred-year-old Sir Nicholas Winton in London. War Cabinet (CAB) Includes records relating to the drafting of the 1943 Guardianship (Refugee Children) Bill and a copy of the drafted bill. If so, how? Ministry of Health document for a Kindertransport, 28 December 1938 (MH 55/704) England - Transport via Southampton. This list contains the names of the children who were able to flee abroad, mainly to England, on a Kindertransport in 1938 and 1939. Throw Your Feet Over Your Shoulders: Beyond the Kindertransport. Trauma and Attachment in the Kindertransport Context: German-Jewish Child Refugees' Accounts of Displacement and Acculturation in Britain. He housed many of them in his London home for a while. In 1938 conditions for the Jewish community in Europe were rapidly deteriorating through intimidation, segregation and violence. As the Netherlands was under attack by German forces from 10 May and bombing had been going on, there was no opportunity to confer with the parents of the children. The Kindertransport scheme was an opportunity for some of these children to leave their homes and families and seek temporary refuge in Britain. Genealogy & Family History Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for expert genealogists and people interested in genealogy or family history. Neither the German nor the English governments have ever released We are, however, given small bits of information that could be paired with additional documentation of the children on this Kindertransport to piece together who wrote and received each letter. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Reports of the work of refugee workers in Poland and Germany including the Society of Friends (Quakers). Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --Great. The records do not stop at the point of arrival in the UK. Parents or guardians could not accompany the children. Melissa Hacker has been very influential in organizing the kinder who now live in America. Created from personal experience[41]Frank Meisler's sculpture groups show both similarities and different design details and have since become the European route of children's transport. A party left Prague on 3 September 1939, but was sent back.[40]. Please contact me if you have any further information. The End Of Everything Ever (2005), a play for children by the New International Encounter group, which follows the story of a child sent from Czechoslovakia to London by train.[71]. In her novel about the Kindertransport titled The Children of Willesden Lane, Mona Golabek describes how often the children who had no families left were forced to leave the homes that they had gained during the war in boarding houses in order to make room for younger children flooding the country. The following document is just one of a unique collection of 365 eyewitness testimonies gathered in the days, weeks, and months following the November Pogrom of 1938, alternatively known as Kristallnacht or the Night of Broken Glass. Where can I find death records for Germany post 1919? These children came to the United Kingdom as part of the Kindertransport and were being, Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --Registers. In very few cases the refugees were united with their loved ones. Proposals to send some refugee children to the US. Most of our collection can only be accessed onsite in the Wolfson Reading Room so plan your visit today. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. New York: Devora, 2008. The first of the Kinder arrived in December 1938. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. https://www.worldjewishrelief.org/about-us/your-family-history, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Some of the first unaccompanied child refugees to arrive in England as part of the Kindertransport. Edmond J. Safra Plaza | 36 Battery Place |. Refugees, Jewish --Great Britain --Registers. Kindertransport was a British scheme to rescue Jewish children from Nazi occupied regions in Europe. Sussex, England: Book Guild, 1990. Approximately 1,000 of these prior-kinder were interned in these internment camps, many on the Isle of Man. until the end of World War II. Re-emigration became uncertain. Kindertransport The Arrival, Liverpool Street station, London, Zge ins Leben Zge in den Tod: 19381939 - Trains to Life Trains to Death, Friedrichstrae station, Berlin, Die Abreise - The departure in front of Gdask Gwny station, Kindertransport Monument Hoek van Holland Channel Crossing to Life, Hook of Holland, Kindertransport Der letzte Abschied - The final parting, Hamburg Dammtor station, Harwich memorial Safe Haven by Ian Wolter, A number of members of Habonim, a Jewish youth movement inclined to socialism and Zionism, were instrumental in running the country hostels of South West England. Only a small number were interned. Privacy policy, The EHRI Project is supported by the European Commission, Loading EHRI data for item:gb-003348-wl_1375, "If This Is A Woman" Gender Studies and Holocaust History, Eyewitness reports regarding the November Pogrom, Pogrom November 1938: Testimonies from Kristallnacht, They became my children too: The Multi-layered meanings of family letters from the Jewish Maquis in France, Problems with Determining Provenance and Authenticity, The first name or nickname of the recipient(s), The first names of other friends or family mentioned in the letters, The town, city, or neighborhood of the recipients(s), The name and location of the orphanage from which they came, The first name or nickname of the sender(s), The relationship between the sender(s) and the recipients(s). It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2015-2023 EHRI Consortium This database includes 674 records of children who arrived in London : Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain ; Reunion of Kindertransport Kindertransport]. One of these was Peter Masters, who wrote a book which he proudly titled Striking Back. The lack of names is partially due to the nature in which they were gathered, but also due to the fact that they were sometimes intentionally withheld. By viewing the image you may find additional information than what is provided in the transcript, such as: When you select the image option, the link will take you to the first page of the document, in which your ancestors name appears. She points out that countries such as Britain and the United States did much to prevent immigration by turning desperate people away; at the vian Conference in 1938, participant nations failed to reach agreement about accepting Jewish refugees who were fleeing Nazi Germany.[74]. (Hansard, 21 November 1938)", "Kindertransport, Jewish children leave Prague Collections Search United States Holocaust Memorial Museum", "Kindertransport | About Us | World Jewish Relief Charity", "The Winton Children: The roles of Trevor Chadwick and Bill Barazetti". was scheduled to travel on a particular transport but, for no stated The type of records vary within this collection and so will the information found on each transcript. Escape From Berlin (2013), a novel by Irene N. Watts, is the fictional account of two Jewish girls, Marianne Kohn and Sophie Mandel, who fled Berlin through the Kindertransport. During the morning of 21 November 1938, before a major House of Commons debate on refugees, the Home Secretary, Sir Samuel Hoare met a large delegation representing Jewish groups, as well as Quaker and other non-Jewish groups, working on behalf of refugees. The Jewish Community in Berlin May know where the records listing children on trains from Berlin can be found (often children gathered in Berlin from other towns before departing), and may have records on children and their families from Berlin. [40][49] Throughout the summer, he placed advertisements seeking British families to take them in. Passenger list from Antwerp, Belgium to the UK in 1908? The Kindertransport was a British scheme to rescue Jewish children from Nazi occupied regions in Europe. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Unit 2: Anti-semitism, Hitler and the German People, 1919-1945 HIS2N, AQA GCSE History A Dutch humanitarian Geertruida Wijsmuller-Meijer arranged for 1,500 children to be admitted to the Netherlands; the children were supported by the Dutch Committee for Jewish Refugees, which was paid by the Dutch Jewish Community. In September 1939 the Kindertransport ended with the outbreak of war. Unit F7: From Second Reich to Third Reich, Edexcel GCSE History B By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Website designed by Addicott Web. Before leaving their parents, children were dressed in their best and were allowed to pack one piece of hand luggage and a suitcase. Over the course of 10 months, the Kindertransport brought nearly 10,000 endangered children to England. These children found work in agriculture and domestic service or joined the Pioneer Corps and other Auxiliary Services. Who sponsored children travelling on the Kindertransport, and how did this process work? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Most of them would never again see their parents, who were murdered during the Holocaust. A beacon of hope. What does "up to" mean in "is first up to launch"? The first of the Kinder arrived in December 1938. London WC1B 5DP. The most comprehensive list of the Kinder available has been created by the Association of Jewish Refugees. The Kitchener Camp online exhibition Has a list of names of the Jewish men and boys who passed through Kitchener Camp. The groups, though considering all refugees, were specifically allied under a non-denominational organisation called the "Movement for the Care of Children from Germany". Without the original correspondenceto refer to, we have to rely on the transcriptions available to us. Trevor Chadwick remained behind to head the children's programme in Czechoslovakia. This database was extracted from International Tracing Service (ITS) files, and consists of a mixture of German departure and English arrival lists for German children. Oppenheimer, Deborah and Harris, Mark Jonathan. Unit 2C, Life in Germany 1919-1945, OCR GCE History A At the time, Alfred Wiener, the German-Jewish founder of The Wiener Library, was heading the Central Jewish Information Office (JCIO) in Amsterdam, which had been a place of refuge for him and his colleagues since 1933. How did German Jewish parents become aware there was such a scheme? Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, 2009. Dispatches from the Embassy in Rome regarding the position of Jews in Italy. They are not the operational records of the project, and dont represent a systematic or complete listing of all the children rescued over the period, because it was not a centrally organised or collated effort, but rather an emergency measure to allow unaccompanied children under the age of 17 entry to the UK. I came alone - the stories of the Kindertransports (1990, The Book Guild Ltd) edited by Bertha Leverton and Shmuel Lowensohn, is a collective non-fiction description by 180 of the children of their journey fleeing to England from December 1938 to September 1939 unaccompanied by their parents, to find refuge from Nazi persecution. For the children in the care of the Refugee Childrens Movement, Lord Gorell was named as their guardian in England and their tutor for children residing in Scotland. Search the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum site: 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW (ID: 42751) Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --Registers. How to find records of a refugee from the Nazis? She had collected 66 of the children from the orphanage on the Kalverstraat in Amsterdam, part of which had been serving as a home for refugees. These organizations were the Reich Representation of Jews in Germany, headquartered in Berlin; after early 1939, its successor organization the Reich Association of Jews in Germany; and the Jewish Community Organization (Kultusgemeinde) in Vienna. Nor did they probe too carefully into the motives and character of the families: it was sufficient for the houses to look clean and the families to seem respectable. 5. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 Why is it shorter than a normal address? The records may reveal when and where your ancestor arrived in Britain. In February and August 1939, trains from Poland were arranged. Jewish organizations within the Greater German Reich (which in 1938 included Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland) planned the transports. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. All rights reserved. held by The National Archives. Tauris, 2011. [35][36][37][38] Between 1939 and 1941, 160 children without foster families were sent to the Whittingehame Farm School in East Lothian, Scotland. Then give him a name that never fades in its popularity. [47][48] Winton's mother also worked with him to place the children in homes, and later hostels, with a team of sponsors from groups like Maidenhead Rotary Club and Rugby Refugee Committee. Without knowing the identities of the individuals providing the testimonies, it is difficult to corroborate their authenticity and conduct further research into their lives and the information provided. The programme was supported, publicised, and encouraged by the British government, which waived the visa immigration requirements that were not within the ability of the British Jewish community to fulfil. This list may not be complete. The Jewish Community in Prague May have records on children from Czechoslovakia and their families. At the train's departure, Sir Nicholas Winton's statue was unveiled at the railway station. Realising that the British public were keen to see some action, the scheme to bring over a large number of children was given the go-ahead. With the outbreak of World War II, refugees from Germany residing in Great Britain were increasingly seen as a security threat. Almost 10,000 children were transported to the UK through this program. By that time most of the people who had worked in the kindertransport in Czechoslovakia had died and Winton became the symbol of British help to refugees fleeing the Nazis, especially Jewish refugees, before the Second World War. The Kindertransport Association declared 2 December 2013, the 75th anniversary of the day the first Kindertransport arrived in England, as World Kindertransport Day. Passport restrictions were waived. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, Download images and transcripts for use in the classroom, Friends of The National Many people were in danger after the violence. The Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database will be unavailable from 6 PM ET on Friday, February 15th, 2019 to 12 PM ET on Saturday, February 16th, 2019 due to scheduled maintenance. Spector, Shmuel, and Geoffrey Wigoder, eds. From 15 March 1939, with the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, transports from Prague were hastily organised. In order to assure the children follow Jewish dietary laws (Kashrut), he instructed them to say to the foster parents that they are fish-eating vegetarians. It was produced by Deborah Oppenheimer, daughter of a Kindertransport child,[70] and written and directed by three-time Oscar winner Mark Jonathan Harris. The vast majority of these children were Jewish. Educational site focusing on the children arriving in Britain. Initially, the Jewish refugee agencies considered 5,000 as a realistic target goal.
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